DevOps

Overview SSH shows "Host key verification failed" when the server’s host key is missing from, or conflicts with, your known_hosts file. This protects you from man‑in‑the‑middle attacks. Fixes involve verifying the host’s......

What this error means Git prints this when it cannot resolve the remote’s hostname to an IP address. Typical root causes: DNS outage or misconfiguration Wrong remote URL (typo, stale host) Proxy/VPN settings interfering with DNS Corporate......

Overview The Git error "fatal: early EOF" usually means the connection closed before all data was received. It often appears with messages like "index-pack failed" or "The remote end hung up unexpectedly."......

What the error means curl error 18 (CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE) indicates the server closed the connection before all expected data was received. In Git workflows (clone/fetch over HTTP/HTTPS), this usually happens mid-packfile download due to a......

Overview Git’s “error: RPC failed” usually indicates the connection broke while sending or receiving packfiles. Typical causes: Large files or gigantic history creating huge packfiles Slow or flaky networks, proxies, or middleboxes......

What this error means Git runs index-pack to validate and index an incoming packfile during clone/fetch. If index-pack fails or prints anything other than the expected machine-readable output, fetch-pack reports: fatal: fetch-pack: invalid......

Overview You’re seeing one of these errors when working with a shallow clone (made with --depth or --shallow-since): fatal: shallow update not allowed fatal: fetch declined (or “server does not allow shallow fetch”) They occur when......

Overview Git prints “No url found for submodule path '<path>' in .gitmodules” when a submodule’s path exists in the index (gitlink) but .gitmodules lacks a usable URL mapping. This shows up during clone, checkout, or git submodule......

Overview In Git superprojects, a submodule is stored as a gitlink (a SHA-1 pointer). During merges, Git must reconcile two pointers to the submodule. You’ll see messages like: error: failed to merge submodule CONFLICT (submodule): Merge......

Overview Git can fail to check out a branch with: fatal: unable to checkout working tree This often happens when paths in the commit are invalid for your OS (common on Windows). Causes include: Invalid characters: < > : " | ? *......

Overview Case collisions happen when a repository contains two paths that differ only by letter case (e.g., README.md vs readme.md). On case-insensitive filesystems (Windows NTFS by default, macOS APFS/HFS+ default), these map to the same......

Overview Windows forbids certain file names and path forms. When a repo contains them, Git on Windows can fail with: fatal: invalid path '...' Common triggers: Reserved names: CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1–COM9, LPT1–LPT9 (any......